Онлайн курс по русскому языку для граждан Папуа-Новая Гвинея (Online course of the Russian language for Papua New Guinean citizens)

You have already understood that when we answer the question "ГДЕ", we need to use the preposition " В" or " НА " and change the ending of the noun that answers this question. Let's see how the endings of nouns change when we want to use the Prepositional Case.

The prepositions в and на (“in, at” and “on, at”) are used to describe location: в — means inside something or inside any building (в столе, в сумке , в университете, в библиотеке), на — means a position on a horizontal surface, in the open, or to indicate a process (на столе — on the table, на рынке — at the market, на концерте - at a concert, на работе - at work,  на лекции — at a lecture).

Слушайте и повторяйте. Listen and repeat.

In Russian, there are 4 main verbs that denote movement: идти/ходить (to go on foot, by foot) and ехать/ездить (to go by any type of wheeled transport). If we want to know about the direction of movement, we ask the question КУДА? Куда ты идёшь? Куда ты едешь? (where are you going?). And when we answer that question,  when we speak about the direction of movement, after these verbs  we always use the preposition В or НА and the Accusative Case.

We use two general types of verbs to talk about motion in Russian. For our purposes we will call them groups идти (one direction) and ходить (movement in different directions, back and forth, in a circle). It is convenient to use them because whoever you are speaking with understands at once what time and direction you are talking about and how often you move that way. It is better to learn these verbs in pairs. 

The verb идти and ходить belong to group 1 and changes in the same way as the verbs of this group. The verbs ехать and ездить belong to group 2 and change in the same way as the verbs of this group.

The vern of motion ехать means "to go by any type of wheeled transport in one direction".

Let's see how this verb is conjugated.

In Russian, when we say what transport we are going, we use the Prepositional Case.

Listen and repeat. Remember the body parts

In this lesson you will learn the Instrumental Case with reflexive verbs ending in -ся: заниматься спортом (to do sport), интересоваться музыкой (to interest in music) . You will also learn the Instrumental Case with the verbs быть/стать/работать (to be/ to become, to work): быть студентом (be a student), стать инженером (to become an engineer), работаю врачом (work as a doctor)..

Instrumental is often used with preposition с to indicate that subject does anything together with an object: идти с братом (to go with brother), говорить с мамой (to talk with mother), пить чай с сахаром (to drink a tea with sugar).

Instrumental Case answers questions Кем? Чем? and, it is easy to guess, is used to express the concerpt of an instrument: писать ручкой (to write with a pen).